Origin and History

The Bichon Havanais belongs to the Bichon family of small companion dogs. The breed originated in Cuba, where small European lap dogs arrived with Spanish sailors in the 16th and 17th centuries and gradually adapted to the local climate and lifestyle. The Havanese became a beloved city companion, especially in Havana. After the Cuban Revolution, the breed nearly vanished in its homeland but survived thanks to breeding lines preserved in the United States and Europe. Today, it is a popular family dog worldwide.

Appearance and Size

• Weight: approx. 4–7 kg (9–15 lbs)
• Height at shoulder: approx. 23–27 cm (9–11 in)
• Coat: long, silky, slightly wavy; comes in many colors
• Shedding: very minimal (hair is removed mostly during grooming)
• Expression: alert, friendly, and curious

Temperament and Personality

The Havanese is cheerful, social, and affectionate – a truly people-oriented dog. It forms strong bonds with its family, enjoys being part of daily life, and usually gets along well with children and other pets. This breed does not do well when left alone for long periods, so a household with regular companionship is ideal.

Everyday Temperament

• Social: loves interaction and often becomes the center of attention
• Confident but sensitive: responds best to gentle, positive handling
• Playful: enjoys games and small “tasks” both indoors and outside

Intelligence and Training

This is an intelligent and eager-to-learn breed. It picks up obedience commands and tricks quickly and enjoys short, fun training sessions. Avoid harsh methods – always use positive reinforcement with treats and play.

Training Tips

• Start early with basic commands: sit, down, stay, recall.
• Practice alone-time training gradually to prevent separation anxiety.
• Mix it up: scent games, basic agility, hide-and-seek, and problem-solving tasks.

Is the Bichon Havanais Hypoallergenic?

The Havanese sheds very little and is often described as hypoallergenic. Many allergy sufferers report fewer symptoms with this breed compared to heavier shedders. However, no dog is 100% allergen-free. Allergies are triggered by proteins in a dog’s skin cells, saliva, and urine – not just hair.

Tip for allergy sufferers: visit a breeder, meet adult dogs from the same lines, and spend time with them in various settings before making a decision.

Barking and Noise Level

The Bichon Havanais is not excessively barky but may alert when visitors arrive. Habitual barking often stems from boredom or insufficient stimulation. Prevent this with regular activity and early “quiet” command training.

Grooming: Keeping the Coat Healthy

The Havanese coat is beautiful but requires consistent care to prevent mats.

• Brushing: 3–4 times per week (more during shedding/matting phases)
• Bathing: every 2–3 weeks with a mild dog shampoo and conditioner; dry thoroughly
• Trimming: many owners opt for a “puppy cut” for easier maintenance
• Ears/eyes: check and clean regularly; keep hair around the eyes neat
• Nails & dental care: trim nails regularly and brush teeth several times per week

Health and Common Conditions

The Havanese is generally healthy, with a life expectancy of around 13–15 years. Known health concerns include:

• Patellar luxation: loose kneecaps causing lameness or discomfort
• Eye disorders: such as cataracts and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
• Skin/allergies: some dogs may develop skin issues or food intolerances
• Heart problems: less common but present in certain lines

Important: choose breeders who health test breeding dogs (knees/patella, eyes, etc.) and are transparent about health in their lines.

Exercise Needs and Mental Stimulation

Despite their small size, Havanese are active and playful. They thrive on daily walks, playtime in the yard, and short training sessions. They also enjoy low-impact activities such as rally obedience, tricks, scent work, and basic agility.

• Daily exercise: 45–75 minutes split into multiple sessions
• Brain games: treat hunts, snuffle mats, and simple puzzle toys

Is the Bichon Havanais Suitable for First-Time Owners?

Yes – this breed is well-suited for first-time dog owners, provided you can offer regular companionship, commit to grooming, and train using positive reinforcement. The Havanese adapts well to both apartments and houses.

Pros and Cons

FAQ – Common Questions About the Bichon Havanais

Is the Bichon Havanais hypoallergenic?

It sheds very little and is often called hypoallergenic, but no dog is completely allergen-free. Always test with adult dogs before committing.

How much exercise does it need?

Daily walks, play, and light mental work (45–75 minutes total) keep most Havanese happy.

Is it good with children?

Generally very child-friendly. Teach children to handle the dog gently and respectfully.

How much grooming is required?

Brush 3–4 times weekly and bathe every 2–3 weeks. A puppy cut can make upkeep easier.

Can it live in an apartment?

Yes. It is small and adaptable – but still needs daily exercise and companionship.